The newly crowned world 100m champion has already proved it I'm correct to the world as he ran 9.82s (zero wind) to win the Diamond League meet in Zurich on 08.09.2011, destroying a strong field of likes of Asafa Powell (9.95), Walter Dix (10.04), Michael Frater (10.06), and Kim Collins (10.09).
Blake is now one of the fastest sprinters of all-time. His 9.82s time moved him to 7th fastest on the all-time rankings.
Only the great sprinters have run faster than him: Usain Bolt (9.58), Tyson Gay (9.69), Asafa Powell (9.72), Tim Montgomery (9.78), Nesta Carter (9.78), Ben Johnson (9.79), Maurice Greene (9.79), and Steve Mullings (9.82).
This also means that he is better than the likes Donavon Bailey (9.84), Bruny Surin (9.84), Leroy Burrell (9.85), and Carl Lewis (9.86) - just to name a few.
Asafa Powell, on the other hand has yet to meet his actual form due to an injury he suffered during the whole month of August. He got off a great start as usual, but Blake took the lead in the second half of the race.
Powell eased up "as usual" and still ended in 9.95s. The time shows that he is the most consistent sprinter (100m) of all-time in terms of 100m timings, with more than 60 times he clocked under 10 seconds from 2004 to 2011.
Zurich Diamond League - 100m Results (Wind 0.0)
1- Yohan Blake JAM 9.82 PB
2- Asafa Powell JAM 9.95
3- Walter Dix USA 10.04
4- Michael Frater JAM 10.06
5- Kim Collins SKN 10.09
6- Nesta Carter JAM 10.12
7- Jaysuma Saidy Ndure NOR 84 10.20
8- Richard Thompson TRI 10.23
9- Trell Kimmons USA 10.33
Video of 100m Men Final (Yohan Blake 9.82) at Diamond League, Zurich 2011
Other videos from Zurich
Kirani James's 400m 44.36s - National Record / Personal Best
Dayron Robles's 110mh 13.01s - Season Best
Carmelita Jeter beats Allyson Felix at 200m again in 22.27 (-0.1)
In sports, there is only one concept of training periodization, which refers to the systematic planning of training. However, this periodization can be approached in various ways, as explained throughout the article.
Periodization provides a structured framework in which training periods are well-organized and systematically executed. Ideally, it should incorporate and sequence training variables effectively.
Periodization can focus on energy systems, resistance training, or a combination of both.
To achieve the desired training goals, a well-planned training structure and program are essential. This should begin with a clear understanding of the objectives or aims of the training.
Setting goals and defining the periods or phases that will help you accomplish those goals is crucial. These goals can then be realized through effective periodization, or more precisely, through careful training programming.
While there may be different types of periodization, the fundamental concept remains the same: it is still periodization. The way you apply training variables doesn’t change the underlying principle. You will periodize your training based on what works best for you.
The success of a training program lies in how well the essential training variables, such as volume, load, density, sets, reps, and others, are manipulated. This specific aspect is referred to as training programming.
Here’s a refined version of your text for clarity and flow:
The concept of training programming has been extensively discussed by leading strength and power scientists, such as Michael H. Stone, in his renowned textbook.
Training programming can be adjusted to achieve specific fitness goals. This involves manipulating training variables to determine what works best for your athlete(s), and this process is continually refined over time.
In research, various programming strategies have been debated and discussed. Some authors have claimed that one strategy is superior to others. While they may have valid points, it’s important to recognize that the nature of programming involves evolving and experimenting with different approaches to improve over time.
Similar to the principle of progression, you cannot rely on the same stimulus indefinitely if you want to continue progressing. To achieve progress, appropriate manipulation of training variables is essential.
However, there are a few key aspects of programming that I believe are important to consider. Understanding the relationship between stimulus and response is crucial in effective training programming.
This is a prerequisite because only a well-balanced training program can lead to better management of fatigue (both physical and mental) and potentiation (performance enhancement). It also enables a deeper understanding of the potential benefits of overreaching, allowing it to be used strategically for improvement. Achieving good progress requires appropriate adjustments to training variables, which ties back to the concept of training variation, such as load manipulation.
Training variation is the cornerstone of all training programming, involving the manipulation and sequencing of variables. It also forms the foundation of the training stimulus necessary to achieve higher training goals.
As a result, several models or methods of periodization (training programming) have been developed, researched, and discussed. These methods are referred to as "methods" because they describe the structure or approach to designing training programs using various training variables. The primary methods are: a) sequential and b) concurrent, both of which will be discussed further.
What makes one different from another?
Once again, there is only one concept of periodization, and it is simply called periodization. However, if you consider it from the perspective of "training focus," such as training variation, particularly in terms of load concentration and sequencing, you will find that some methods are "sequential" or "linear," while others are "concurrent." Since these methods are typically applied in a cyclic fashion, they can be considered "non-linear."
It’s challenging to strictly categorize these methods because the choice of one method or model often depends on the athlete’s specific needs and the demands of competition. For instance, an athlete new to structured training might use the sequential method or even the concurrent method, both of which require careful adjustment of training variables. An athlete with several years of performance training experience might utilize any of these methods. As training becomes more advanced, the volume and complexity of the training also increase. Examples of such training approaches are described as follows:
1. Sequential (traditional or/and linear).
This method may be applied based on the athlete's training experience and level, as discussed.
Beginner and intermediate
This method consists of several training periods or blocks that follow one another. For example, Phase 1 (General Preparation - Hypertrophy), Phase 2 (Specific Preparation - Max Strength), and Phase 3 (Competition - Power) implement this concept by decreasing volume while increasing intensity. This type of programming may be more suitable for new or young athletes.
The earlier practice of this method, known as Classical Periodization Theory (CPT), involved the simultaneous development of motor abilities and skills over an extended duration, typically targeting a single major competition (though this has since expanded to include 2-3 major competitions).
CPT involved a moderate-to-low concentration of training load throughout the period, as it was considered challenging to apply higher loads when focusing on multiple qualities at once. This approach was repeated in a cyclic manner over the years, which is why CPT is considered "non-linear."
Intermediate or advanced
The sequential method can also be adapted to meet the specific needs of advanced athletes by linking a series of concentrated load periods. This approach is exemplified in the block system of training.
To illustrate, consider the following sequence:
a. Accumulation (Preparation)
b. Transmutation (Max Strength)
c. Realization (Speed-Strength)
Block periodization adopts a unidirectional approach, where one primary quality is emphasized during each period while the other qualities are maintained. For example, during a power development phase:
Period 1: strength (emphasis), plus strength-speed, speed-strength;
Period 2: strength-speed (emphasis), plus strength, speed-strength;
Period 3: speed-strength (emphasis), plus strength, strength-speed.
OR
Accumulation (4 weeks): high volume and low-moderate intensity: strength endurance, 4 sets x 12-15 reps x 55-65% => 2-3 sessions a week(+ max-strength + speed-strength => 1 session as "easy session").
Transmutation (4 weeks): lower volume and high intensity: maximal strength, 4 sets x 3-6 reps x 85-92% => 2-3 sessions a week (+ speed-strength + strength-endurance => 1 session as "easy session").
Realization (3 weeks): low volume and lower-moderate intensity: speed-strength, 4 sets x 3-6 reps x 30-50% => 2-3 sessions a week (+ strength-speed => 1 session as "easy session" or incorporated in one of the speed-strength session).
This sequence is repeated, making the overall process non-linear. The method was popularized by Vladimir Issurin in the early 1980s, influenced by earlier methods of programming (which will be discussed later).
The key advantage of block periodization lies in the ability to benefit from the residual training effect. This refers to the lasting impact of the training performed in a previous phase (such as accumulation), which involved the application of a highly concentrated load.
In other words, the intensive training you did in July - known as the accumulation phase - will provide benefits in September, thanks to the residual effect.
The premise of block periodization is similar to the Conjugate Sequence System (CSS), also known as the Coupled Successive System (CSS), which was established by Yuri Verkhoshansky in the early 1970s. It also aligns with the Phase Potentiation Periodization (PPP) introduced by Michael Stone in the late 1970s.
Block periodization, CSS, and PPP offer advantages over other methods. They might be confused with concurrent training because they do not entirely neglect other qualities while focusing on one main quality during a specific training block.
To clarify the term further, "conjugate" (in CSS) means "together with others" (i.e., one or more other qualities). However, since the training emphasis is programmed sequentially during a particular block or period, rather than concurrently, it can be considered a "linear" method from this perspective.
2. Concurrent (undulating or non-linear)
In this method, two or more training qualities are trained on a daily or weekly basis. The weekly concurrent or undulating training can be depicted as follow (considered one training period or block):
Week 1: training for hypertrophy, 4 sets x 8-10 reps x 70-80%
Week 2: strength, 4 sets x 4-6 reps x 85-90%
Week 3: power, 4 sets x 3-6 reps x 40-60%
The daily undulating method is as follows (repeated for several weeks to form a training period or block):
Monday = hypertrophy
Wednesday = strength
Friday = power.
Another form of the concurrent method is a model of training programming called concurrent emphasis. This is also an example of Classical Periodization Theory (CPT) and is considered a concurrent method because it originally involves developing all qualities simultaneously.
For instance, strength endurance, strength-speed, and speed-strength training are all emphasized and developed concurrently within a specific training period, as discussed earlier.
Which one is most effective?
This is a common consideration when developing a training program. All the models discussed are important and effective; what matters is how you use and incorporate them into your program. It is not surprising to see a coach incorporate two or more methods into their training regimen during a season.
However, there is always a guiding principle behind everything. If you are a beginner with three gym sessions per week, you can vary your workouts throughout the first month. Your emphasis should be on lifting skills or technique while also developing general strength. Later, you can program your workouts using non-linear or undulating methods to stay motivated through training variation.
For team sports, a mix of linear (early season, no competition) and non-linear (during competition) periodization might be more ideal. The same applies to most individual events and sports.
In elite athletes, there is always a need to apply more advanced methods, as they require additional stimulus to continue improving.
The difference between "less advanced" and advanced methods primarily concerns the loading scheme and distribution..
5 - 6 September 1960: 51 years ago today, two great men competed at the 1960 Olympics in Rome, Rafer Johnson of the United States with a background of an Olympic silver medalist (1956) and Yang Chuan-Kwang (or C.K Yang) of Chinese Taipei, a two-time Asian Games champion (1954 and 1958).
Both athletes lived, trained and studied together at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).
Right before the Olympics, Johnson set a world record of 8,683 while beating Yang in second at 8,426, second best in history.
Yang had the physical attributes to 'attack' the sprint, hurdle, and running events (esp. 100m, 400m and 110mh) but Johnson had the 'strength' to be unlikely matched by his competitors in the throwing events including Yang.
CK Yang won 4 out of 5 events during the first day, but Johnson was ahead by 55 points as he gained a huge point from the shot put, 273 more than Yang.
Yang took the lead by winning one of his favorites events, the 110mh in which he gained 923 points, 183 higher than Johnson after 6 events.
But its all changed after the discus with Johnson's exceptional throw gave him a huge point, leading 272 from Yang, and taking the lead again with 74 points after 7 events.
After the 9th event, Yang accumulated 7989 points, and was short of 67 points from Johnson (8056). With a lifetime best of 4:36.0, or 18.2 seconds faster than Johnson's personal best, Yang would win the gold if he finish the 1500m the last event by only 10 seconds ahead of Johnson.
Johnson ran the fastest time in his life, 5 seconds faster than his previous best, only 1.2 seconds slower than Yang to secore the gold medal from Yang.
Yang took the silver medal with a score of 8334, 56 points less of Johnson's winning score of 8392 points. Russian's Vassily Kuznetsov who broke several world records in the Decathlon (including his 8357, world record in 1959) was quite far behind with 7,809 points for the bronzes.
Below is a detailed statistics of the battle;
RAFER JOHNSON VS YANG CHUAN-KWANG AT THE XVII OLYMPICS, ROME 1960
Johnson
Events
C. K. Yang
948
10.9
100 meters
10.7
1034
906
7.35
Long Jump
7.46
950
976
15.82
Shot Put
13.33
703
832
1.85
High Jump
1.90
900
985
48.3
400 meters
48.1
1005
4647
Total Day 1
4592
740
15.3
110m Hurdles
14.6
923
894
48.49
Discus Throw
39.83
622
795
4.10
Pole Vault
4.30
915
980
69.76
Javelin Throw
68.22
937
336
4:49.7
1500 meters
4:48.5
345
8392 Points (OR)
Total Score
8334 Points (>OR)
Comparative Statistics
3 events
Javelin
1500m
Shot Put & Javelin
110mh & Pole Vault
7901 Points
Number of event won
Highest score
Lowest score
Killer events
Weaker events
New value (1984 Table)
7 events
100m
1500m
100m & 110mh
Shot Put & Discus
7820 Points
April 28, 1963, at 30, Yang set a new world record with a point of 9,121 at Walnut, California to become the first man to score over 9000 points with then scaling system. In 1980s, the amendment to the scoring formula devalued the score to 8009 points, which also enabled him to become the second man to score over 8000 points in decathlon using the current scaling system. A serious injury had prevented him to win gold medal at the 1964 Olympics in Tokyo, and he finished in fifth. He passed away in 2007.
Below is the video of the greatest battle between two friends - Rafer Johnson VS C.K Yang;
Jamaican team defended the world 4x100m title and set a new world record 37.04s, breaking the previous mark 37.10s set by Jamaican Olympic team in Beijing 2008. The team consists of Nesta Carter 9PB 9.78), Michael Frater (PB 9.88), Yohan Blake (PB 9.89) and Usain Bolt (PB 9.58 WR).
France team, the European champion went to win the silver medal in a time of 38.20s. Saint Kitts and Nevis (SKN) team, as a surprise won the bronze medal in 38.49s - thus enabled Kim Collins, the 2003 world 100m champion to bag two bronze (the other one from the men's 100m) home. The SKN team broke the old national record (39.07s) with a great improvement to 38.47s in the semifinal to win the last (8th) slot of finalist.
Medal prospect teams United States and Great Britain, however did not finish the race due to a massive incident involving their runners on the track. Darvis Patton of United States (lane 4) collided with Harry Aikines of Great Britain (anchor, lane 3) coming into the last change-over (with anchor Walter Dix), then collapsed to the track. Perhaps affected by the clash, Marlon Devonish was unable to hand over the baton to Harry who has a big and strong physique and seems "okay" with the collision.
Meanwhile Trinidad and Tobago team, the silver medalist in 2009 world championships, failed to repeat the semifinals performance (37.91s) after a poor baton exchange between Aaron Armstrong and Richard Thompson (anchor). That's obviously affected by collision after Darvis Patton crashed to their lane and disrupts the baton exchange.
4x100m Men Final (Jamaica 37.04 World Record) - IAAF World Championships 2011
fast forward- 2:40
Results
1, JAMAICA Team 37.04 WR
2, FRANCE Team 38.20
3, St KITTS AND NEVIS Team 38.49
4, POLAND Team 38.50
5, ITALY Team 38.96
6, TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO Team 39.01
-, GREAT BRIRAIN & N.I Team DNF
-, UNITED STATES Team DNF
American Christian Taylor leaped 17.96m (+0.1) to win the gold medal in the men's triple jump at the last day of World championships in Daegu. The 21-year-old opened his legal jump with 17.04s in the second attempt after fouled in the previous one. Taylor's third attempt 17.40m moved him to second position, but still way behind the favorite and defending world champion Phillips Idowu of Great Britain who registered 17.70m earlier.
However, in the fourth attempt, Taylor did a monster jump 17.96m - the 5th longest jump in history and bettered his old mark (17.68m) by 28cm, which guaranteed him the gold medal. Only Jonathan Edward (18.29), Kenny Harrison (18.09), Teddy Tamgho (17.98), and Willi Banks (17.97) have jumped further than the mark.
Taylor is also a good sprinter, he has 45.34s as a personal best in 400 meters and consistently run 45 seconds over the years. He run a respected time of 20.76s in 200m as well. In 2007, his best jump over triple jump is only 15.98s, a year later he slightly improved to 16.05m. During the previous world championships he was still an "unknown" triple jumper with best jump of 16.65m. He touched the 17m for the first time at 2010 in 17.02m. He just phenomenal in 2011.
Idowu, improved his jump to 17.77m to confirm the silver medal. Fellow American Will Claye took the bronze in 17.50m.
Video of Christian Taylor in Triple Jump (17.96m) - Daegu World Championships
Results
1, Christian Taylor, USA, 17.96 (0.1) PB
2, Phillips Idowu, GBR, 17.77 (0.0)
3, Will Claye, USA, 17.50 (0.1)
4, Alexis Copello, CUB, 17.47 (0.1)
5, Nelson Evora, POR, 17.35 (0.0)
6, Christian Olsson, SWE, 17.23 (0.0)
7, Leevan Sands, BAH, 17.21 (-0.2)
8, Benjamin Compaore, FRA, 17.17 (0.2)
9, Henry Frayne, AUS, 16.78 (-0.1)
10, Fabrizio Donato, ITA, 16.77 (-0.1)
11, Yoandris Betanzos, CUB, 16.67 -0.1
12, Sheryf El-Sheryf, UKR, 16.38 (-0.1)
As anticipated, Jamaican great Usain Bolt successfully defended his world title of 200m during the IAAF world championships in Daegu. He clocked a time of 19.40s (with moderate tailwinds +0.8) which is the fastest time in the world this year. Silver medal went to American Walter Dix who set 19.70s, just outside of his best 19.69s. Frenchman Christophe Lemaitre, the 100m finalist who is regarded as the first white man to break the 10s barrier took the bronze in 19.80, an improvement of French record by 0.36s.
U.S based sprinter Jayasuma Saidy of Norway who coached by John Smith in fourth despite of clocking below 20s (19.95 SB), some off his PB 19.89s. Young Panamanian Alonso Edward who has a personal best of 19.81s, however injured at curve and out of the race.
Bolt's time is damn outstanding considering the fact that it's the 4th fastest time ever recorded by human - behind 19.19 &19.30 (by Usain Bolt) and 19.32 (by Michael Johnson).
Results (+0.8)
1- Usain Bolt JAM 19.40 (WL)
2- Walter Dix USA 19.70 (SB)
3- Christophe Lemaitre FRA 19.80 (NR)
4- Jaysuma Saidy Ndure NOR 19.95 (SB)
5- Nickel Ashmeade JAM 20.29
6- Bruno de Barros BRA 20.31
7- Rondel Sorrillo TRI 20.34
- Alonso Edward PAN (Dnf)
Video of 200m Final (Usain Bolt 19.40) - IAAF World Championships
200m Final - Daegu World Championships (with slow motion)
Australia's Sally Pearson has becomes the champion of the world in the women's 100m hurdles. Sally, the 2008 Olympic silver medalist surged out of the blocks like a bullet, leaving the fields by huge margin even before the halfway and cross to the line with an outstanding time of 12.28s (+1.1), a new Australian record, new Oceania record and 4th fastest time of all-time. Her time makes the current lists of all-time performances a little bit shaky.
World record is held by Yordanka Donkova of Bulgaria with 12.21s back in 1988. Donkova has three others sub-12.30s (12.24, 12.26 & 12.27), and a total of 13 sub-12.40s. Another Bulgarian Ginka Zagorcheva and Russian Ludmila Engquist tied at the second fastest time ever in a time of 12.26s.
Sally is coached by Sharon Hannan for more than 10 years now and they're based in Griffith University, Southport campus at Queensland - a small training track but well equipped with world-class facilities. Her best prior to the championships was 12.48s (24th all-time) set in Bruxellas, but she improved the time to 12.36s (+0.3) during the semifinals in Daegu. Earlier in the round one yesterday, she stopped the clock at 12.53s (-0.6) - the fastest time ever recorded in round one of world championships.
Two Americans Danielle Carruthers and Dawn Harper bagged silver and bronze respectively although both across the line with same time 12.47s.
Sally Pearson Profile Full name: Sally Pearson (nee McLellan) Born: 19 September 1986 / Sydney Height: 1.66m Coach: Sharon Hannan Training base: Griffith university, Southport, QE, AUS Personal bests:
100mh: 12.28s +1.1 Daegu(2nd best 12.36 +0.3, 3rd best 12.48s)
100m: 11.14s +1.7 Osaka
200m: 23.02s -0.4 Gold Coast, 22.62w
400m: 53.86s Gold Coast
150m: 16.86s Newcastle
Video of 100m Hurdles Final (Sally Pearson 12.28) - IAAF World Championships
Result (Wind +1.1)
1, Sally Pearson, AUS, 12.28 NR, WL
2, Danielle Carruthers, USA, 12.47 PB
3, Dawn Harper, USA, 12.47 PB
4, Tiffany Porter, GBR, 12.63
5, Tatyana Dektyareva, RUS, 12.82
6, Nikkita Holder, CAN, 12.93
7, Phylicia George, CAN, 17.97
8, Kellie Wells, USA, Dnf
American Dwight Phillips successfully retained his world title at long jump, leaping 8.45 (0.0) at the IAAF Word championships in Daegu on September 02, 2011.
The 33-year-old (turning 34 on October) came to Daegu with poor mark 8.07 +0.4 set in Shanghai in May, and only improved on the distance during the qualification rounds in Daegu with a leap of 8.32 -0.2. But his best jump in the finals just to make sure the fourth world title which he won since 2003, 2005, and 2009. The poor season in 2007 denied Phillips to win his third consecutive victory in world championships, saw Panama's Irving Saladino won the gold medal in 8.57.
With the victory, Phillips equaled Ivan Pedroso's feat who has won the world championships four times in 1995, 1997, 1999 and 2001. Carl Lewis won the first and second World championships (1983 and 1987), the next two won by Mike Powell (1991- 8.95 WR, and 1993).
Mitchell Wall, the Australian hope with four longest jumps in the world (8.54 world leader, 8.45, 8.44 & 8.44) before the championships only managed to leap 8.33 (+0.4) in his second attempt for silver medal. Bronze medal was won by Makusha of Zimbabwie in a distance of 8.29 (+0.3). Makusha's personal best is 8.40m and has run 9.89s in the 100m.
Interestingly, Phillips was perhaps randomly assigned bib number " 1 1 1 1" - which means four times world champion ?!. The 2004 Olympic champion will be hunting for another gold medal in London Olympics next year.
Video of Long Jump Men Finals (Dwight Phillips 8.45) - IAAF World Championships
